woman tennis

Girl Power on the Court: The History of Women’s Tennis

Women’s tennis has come a long way since its early beginnings in the late 1800s. What was once considered an elite hobby for upper-class women has transformed into a highly competitive global sport with millions of fans. While women faced many challenges breaking into the sport over the past century, their determination and skill ultimately prevailed. This article will explore the history of women’s tennis, from the first pioneers who picked up a racquet to the superstars of today. We will examine the difficulties these athletes faced and how they overcame prejudice to make tennis a place where women could thrive. Tracing this evolution shows just how far women’s tennis has progressed.

The Origins of Women’s Tennis

In the Victorian Era, tennis was seen as a genteel pastime for the upper classes. Though considered acceptable for women, it was thought they were too fragile to play with vigor. Strict dress codes also hindered movement, as women were expected to wear corsets, long skirts, and petticoats on court. Wimbledon was established in 1877 but only opened to female entrants in 1884. Even then, women could only compete in doubles as hitting backhands was seen as unfeminine.

YearKey Milestone
1877Wimbledon Founded
1884Wimbledon Allows Women Entrants
1894First Woman Wimbledon Champion Bertha Townsend
1900May Sutton Wins Olympic Gold

Early pioneers helped change these outdated attitudes about women’s abilities. Bertha Townsend was the first female champion at Wimbledon in 1894, while May Sutton won Olympic gold in singles in 1900—a remarkable achievement at the time. Their victories paved the way for future generations of female tennis players.

This early period saw tennis emerge as a respectable sport for women, largely due to the efforts of pioneering competitors who proved they could excel.

Overcoming Exclusion

Despite these early successes, female players continued to face prejudice. In a bid to prevent women from competing, the 1921 Wimbledon Championship Committee banned them from entering. This exclusion from major tournaments lasted until World War II disrupted the tennis calendar.

Alice Marble, a four-time US Open winner, wrote an editorial challenging the ban on women. She highlighted how excluding women did not protect the game but instead robbed it of talented athletes. In 1947, Wimbledon finally opened to women again. Althea Gibson broke the color barrier too, becoming the first African-American player at the 1956 French Open.

During the 1950s and 60s, tennis stars like Billie Jean King campaigned tirelessly for equal prize money and recognition. King’s famous “Battle of the Sexes” match against Bobby Riggs in 1973 gained widespread attention after she defeated him and furthered the cause. Theopen Era from 1968 finally allowed all players access to major competitions.

Despite resistance, these courageous women overcame discriminatory policies and attitudes that attempted to marginalize women’s participation in tennis.

The Growth of Women’s Tennis

The 1970s saw Virginia Wade win Wimbledon in 1977, while stars like Martina Navratilova and Chris Evert took the sport to new heights. By the 1990s, women’s tennis was a major spectator event and revenue generator. After years of lagging behind the men, female players finally achieved pay equality at major tournaments like the US Open and Wimbledon.

In the 2000s, sisters Venus and Serena Williams ruled tennis with their power serves and athleticism. Players like Maria Sharapova and Kim Clijsters also became household names. The Women’s Tennis Association founded in 1973 helped popularize the sport and improve conditions for players. Today, rising young stars like Naomi Osaka and Iga Swiatek show the future is bright for women’s tennis.

Serena Williams: Taking Over the Sport

In the 2000s, Serena Williams dominated the sport, becoming one of the greatest tennis players of all time. With her powerful serve and athleticism, she won 23 Grand Slam singles titles, the most by any player in the Open Era. Along with her sister Venus, Serena helped bring more attention and appeal to women’s tennis. As an African American player, she also broke down racial barriers and inspired female athletes everywhere with her talent and determination. Even into her 40s, Serena continues to be a fierce competitor on court. Her longevity and commitment to excellence have cemented her status as a trailblazing legend in women’s tennis history.

To sum it up, women endured patronizing attitudes, exclusion, and inequality to transform tennis into a viable professional pursuit. Pioneers range from Bertha Townsend in the 1800s to Serena Williams today, smashing stereotypes along the way. While barriers remain, such as unequal media coverage, the determination of past athletes ensures women’s tennis continues to flourish. Given the progress over the past century, female players are poised to keep breaking boundaries on and off the court in future.

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